82% of India’s e-waste consists of personal devices. Why should it be a concern?
In a period of just five years, India had recorded a growth of 43% in its e-waste generation. The country generates about 3.2MT of e-waste annually and the number is expected to increase in the coming years. Also, about 82 % of India’s e-waste consists only of personal devices. Why is all this alarming? What can the citizens do to control it? The three major reasons that keep adding to the pertinent and grave issue of e-waste generation in India are: Till today e-waste in India is routed via the informal channels having no safety measures and mostly employing underage children. This is an issue in itself. When informal means are used to dispose of e-waste, hazardous substances like mercury, glass, lead, chromium, and arsenic, etc. reach the landfills and contaminate the environment. All this has bad repercussions on the health of those people residing in the vicinity of e-waste dumps. Lack of awareness regarding safe disposal of e-waste among people further makes the implementation of rules and guidelines difficult even after so many governmental initiatives and measures. Besides the above-mentioned challenges, the increased generation of e-waste especially personal devices is because of the rise in the consumption of digital and smart devices at household levels. The sale and usage of gadgets such as smartphones, refrigerators, televisions, and washing machines, etc have increased drastically in the past couple of decades. At the office level, we have witnessed an enhanced usage of Information and Technology devices that are discarded and upgraded in a few years as the innovative technology hits the market. Also with the increased competition in the market, the equipment is manufactured with shorter durability. The concept of repairing and reusing is not yet followed in our country. Also, the ecosystem for the same must be strengthened, which is lacking somewhere. Like we mentioned earlier progressive rules and guidelines have been laid down and manufacturers and brands are held accountable for a large number of e-waste generations yet very little could be done in terms of implementation of the rules and supervision. The extended producer responsibility (EPR) rules make manufacturers of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) responsible for re-collection of the sold devices after their durability is over otherwise it could pile up in the form of electronic waste. The same is then sent for recycling. To facilitate the process of collection and e-waste recycling the manufacturers and brands hire PROs, Producer Responsibility Organizations. They form a deal with the brands and help them in achieving mandatory compliance regarding electronic waste. They are given big targets. TheCentral Pollution Control Board or CPCB has formed goals for about five years for them depending on the trade of their electronics items and goods in the country. The system has been brought in place to control the generation of large amounts of e-waste. The rules have been strictly followed with participation from the manufacturers and brands. However, without the participation of the consumers, the practice of recycling the required number of e-waste is incomplete. The enforcement and implementation must be accelerated to control the menace of e-waste generation. Consumers must be made aware to make sure that the e-waste that they generate is handed over to the e-waste collection centers which can be further sent for recycling at the right time. Apart from the mobile and smart devices, most commonly, tube lights containing hazardous mercury and glass as well as the big and small batteries form the part of e-waste at homes. Consumers must be taught, at least, to restore the discarded electronic items in their original packaging. Most packaging comes with toll-free contact numbers of the nearest collection center. Many of these collection centers are also set up by many e-waste management companies in Indialike Namo E-Waste. Citizens must act responsibly and send discarded electronic items for e-waste recycling. Informal methods of electronic recycling and disposing of e-waste must be avoided at any cost. Also instead of dumping away tonnes of old electronics, citizens must learn to fix them if they have life left in them. Promoting the concept of fixing and repairing electronics items will help in generating jobs. Also, there are people who are ready to accept refurbished electronics such as TV sets, refrigerators, and telephones, etc. There is a ready ecosystem regarding consumption at that level. We need to channelize the old items to make them reach people who need them. All this will help sort the issue of e-waste generation in India to a large extent.
Strategies to Follow to Reduce E-waste Generation
Technology keeps changing almost every day. There is always a new gadget, device, or smartphone on the market daily. People make a beeline to buy the latest technology, use it for a while and move on to the next, leaving the previous device to gather dust somewhere in the house or their office. There are innumerable gadgets, wires, memory sticks, and batteries in every household that needs attention. In the race to buy the latest technology, we tend to accumulate the amount of e-waste that we cannot handle without seeking help from an e-waste management company like Namo E-waste, which has an electronic waste recycling plant in India. Although all e-waste management companies in India are always at your beck and call, it is good for the environment and our planet to keep the e-waste generation under control. There are many ways through which we can reduce the production of e-waste, at least in our household. Stay organized The first step to e-waste management is to remain aware. In order to get an idea about the electrical and electronics items that you don’t require and should get rid of, you must keep them organized at home. Especially, wires, chargers, connectors, and cables must be organized otherwise you will not know what you need to eliminate in terms of e-waste, in the first place. Sometimes due to ignorance, we end up buying something that is already lying in our attic like an extension board or connector, etc. Save yourself from buying things that you already have by staying organized. Purchase bare minimum Like we mentioned earlier, sometimes we buy things just for the heck of it, we don’t really need them. Buying unnecessary devices and gadgets is the primary cause of e-waste generation. Check if you really require the electronic device that you are going to purchase. If you do not need it, save yourself from bringing home something that will add to the pile of e-waste and we all know how harmful e-waste is for our health, environment, and the entire ecosystem. Buy Back programs Many electronics stores run buy-back programs. Before buying electronics items like cameras and computers etc, ask customer care if they have any options to buy or exchange your old items. Such options enable you to do away with your old items in exchange for the new ones, saving money for you. This will support the mobile recyclingdrive too. Donate e-waste The moment you are done using your old smartphone, donate it to someone who needs it. Donations are one of the best ways to keep clearing your e-waste in time before it piles up and becomes difficult to manage. For electronic recycling, you may also choose to hand over the same to Namo E-waste by visiting their website. Store in the cloud Many IT giants offer their cloud storage service, make the best use of the same and keep buying bulky servers or unnecessary hardware at bay. This should be practiced for both personal and official usage to minimize e-waste production. Storing your data in the cloud makes syncing and accessing files through multiple devices easier. It saves the finances which are otherwise used to buy a server. Sell your old electronics item There are many websites that enable you to sell your old items. If you wish to get rid of your old electronics items and make money too, you may seek help from these sites and sell your old electronics products. From TV sets to computers and even smartphones, you can sell all that you want. This will foster mobile recycling. Send it for recycling Explore the options in your area where e-waste is collected for recycling; search for ‘e-waste collection center near me.’ Namo, the best e-waste recycler in India, also has many e-waste collection centers across the country. Connect with the staff at these collection centers and dispose of your e-waste there, which may be then sent for electronic recycling depending on its reusability. Also, look for a door-to-door e-waste collection drive that will make your task easier. Create awareness among people around you We all know how e-waste has toxic substances in it and should not be disposed of informally as it could be detrimental to our health and environment. There is a right way to do the same. Seek help from e-waste management companies in case it gets difficult to manage but avoid handing your e-waste to rag pickers and informal e-waste recyclers. Educate people around you to recycle through authorized recycler. This will help them minimize and manage e-waste better.
E-Waste Recycling EPR Policies Followed by EEE Manufacturers
E-waste recycling, which includes both management as well as handling, rules were laid down in 2011 and made effective in 2012. All mobile and telephone producers must successfully implement e-waste rules and manage e-waste following all rules set for various aspects of e-waste management. The new guidelines with respect to the management of e-waste issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) were made effective in 2017. The new rules were made applicable for all big and small producers, bulk or small scale consumers, recycling items collection points, dismantlers along recyclers of e-waste. It has been made mandatory for every stakeholder engaged in the production, purchase, sale, or processing of electrical and electronics equipment (EEE). The electronic and electrical equipment are covered within the set rules, through Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Target-based outlook for carrying out of EPR is employed in the e-waste management and handling rules, 2016, which lays emphasis on the phase-wise recovering target set for mobile phone producers with respect to the gathering and recycling of e-waste, be it in counts or weight for a particular category. Also, the fresh set targets are given for the periodic sales according to the life-cycle fulfillment of every category. Many mobile manufacturers in India in a short span of time have upgraded their processes to suit the mandate set by the amendment of the E-Waste Rules of 2016. They try to follow all the specified rules for extended producer responsibility, collection centers, channelization, storage, dismantling, recycling, refurbishment, transportation, and testing and sampling of EEE. E-waste collection as per EPR Most mobile manufacturers and sellers have developed their internal standard procedures to collect as well as recycle e-waste to strictly follow e-waste guidelines. They need to create awareness for collection from individual consumers as well as bulk consumers. In this regard, they have prepared a training module. Most of these EEE manufacturers have developed an integrated all-India collection system in association with their selected PROs (Producer Responsibility Organization). A clear mandate has been imparted to the selected PROs to recover e-wastes for their respective states. The PROs in return channelize the recovered recycling items to the fixed dismantlers as well as recyclers to carry out the environmentally friendly recycling process that fulfills the guidelines set under e-waste rules. Collection centers as per EPR Following the e-waste management guidelines, the EEE manufacturers have committed themselves to the recovery of e-waste across India. For this, they have built many collection centers at various locations in different cities. They manage the collection and recycling of e-waste through their own recycling item collection centers and that of their fixed PRO. The appointed PRO has been directed to recover the collected load within 180 days of deposition by consumers. Guidelines for consumers as per EPR A quick set of guidelines was released for consumers of electrical and electronic goods by the producers following EPRguidelines: · Check the life-cycle of the product · Call for any query related to product recycling · Hand over e-waste exclusively at the set collection center of the brand · There is a provision of earning incentives for handing over of e-waste in a formal way · Gather all unused e-waste items and later hand them over to the registered recycler only · Acknowledge the exchange program offered by the brand · After replacement of any part, drop the scrap parts in the e-waste drop box at the repair center · Do not throw away e-waste into a general garbage bin · Do not hand over e-waste to scrap dealers for a petty cash · Do not dispose of e-waste in landfills · Do not open discarded electronics on your own, it has hazardous substances. · Do not open any electronic or electrical parts or components on your own. Namo E-Waste is one of the largest e-waste management companies in India, having its collection centers in multiple cities.
Five Ways to Increase Citizen Participation in e-waste management
All of the waste management strategies require the participation of the citizenry to be efficient and effective. E-waste management is no different and since it is harder to dispose of than normal garbage, participation from citizens becomes even more important. Here are the five ways in which citizen participation in e-waste management can be increased: By raising awareness about harms of e-waste Most of the people are still unaware about the great threat that e-waste is. They have no knowledge of the poisonous chemicals and heavy metals involved in the electronics which cause severe diseases in human beings and pollute the environment around us. So, the first step should be to run awareness campaigns about e-waste to educate the masses. Any concerted action in e-waste management would require the support of the people and support can only be expected when they are aware about the problem. Major electronic brands should take initiative All of the major brands spend a lot of their resources to properly advertise their products. They are major stake-holders when it comes to anything related to electronics. They can add one or two lines about e-waste management in their advertisements. This would surely raise the awareness regarding the electronic waste. EPR extended producer responsibility must be fostered. They should also try to devise strategies to make more and more people replace their previous smartphones, laptops and other devices while buying a new one. It would incentivize people to replace their electronic products rather than throwing them away. Civil society should gear up Civil society should keep finding interesting ways to increase participation of people in e-waste management. They can organize small drives at local levels to make people aware about the menace of electronic waste. In those drives, they can collect used electronic items from the people, refurbish them a bit and re-distribute them among the needy students and people. On one hand this will help them while on the other hand it will also connect people directly in the fight against e-waste. Robust efforts from government Namo E-waste, the best e-waste recycler in India, believes that the Indian government has launched various initiatives regarding e-waste management but government policies regarding e-waste have achieved little success because people are oblivious to the issue of e-waste. Government should bring in all the resources including government schools, universities, colleges and offices to engage with people by conducting workshops, programs and drives. Municipal Corporations and local administration should be made more sensitive to the issue of e-waste. Strong guidelines must be issued and proper supervision should be conducted. In addition to this, the government can also engage local bodies at Village Panchayat levels to reach out to the people living in the countryside. Reaching out to children Children are not only more perceptive to environmental concerns but they are also the citizens of tomorrow and therefore it is very necessary to reach out to them. E-waste management, methods of its disposal and concepts of reusing and recycling should be thoroughly taught at all levels so that they can become the actors of change. Educating Children will not only bring awareness to their homes and parents but it will also create a foundation for a better tomorrow.
Better implementation of the EPR Rules is Important
India is the third-largest e-waste generating country in the world. China along with the United States is ahead of it. Reportedly, our country produces about 3 million tonnes of e-waste in a year; it is expected to go up to 5 million tonnes this year, that is, 2021. The Centre had laid down rules, with respect to e-waste management and the most important of them is Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), in 2016 which was recently updated in 2021. The rule states that it is mandatory for electric and electronic equipment manufacturers to return their pile of e-waste to authorized recyclers. The scenario post EPR implementation Even after the EPR guidelines, there is a lot that needs to be done in India with respect to e-waste management. Reportedly there is no specific mechanism to confirm if EPR is being implemented perfectly. Random inspections can be carried out by the CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board) or state PCBs, but there isn’t any record regarding the same. It is difficult to gauge if the rule is properly followed or abided by the manufacturers. There are still a number of issues pertaining to e-waste collection and management prevalent in the country. More supervision is required. Manufacturers need to cooperate more with the authorized e-waste recyclers in the country. India has many producer responsibility organizations (PRO). These are authorized organizations that take the responsibility for the scientific management of e-waste generated from discarded electrical and electronic products to have a sustainable environment. Their work must be traced to understand what their contribution towards creating a greener environment is. All these organizations are competent enough that is how they have been granted the license to be the PRO but the co-operation must be from all levels and the e-waste generators, mainly from bulk e-waste producers. All stakeholders must contribute equally to efficiently make the country e-waste free. Awareness along with cooperation is the key Creating awareness so that the users of electronic and electrical products hand over their discarded items in a reasonable and efficient way is important. People must understand why it is important to recycle and dispose of e-waste in a suitable manner. E-waste collection and recycling companies like Namo E-Waste have carried out many initiatives in this regard and have also made the collection procedure convenient for them. People are made aware of how and where to go with their e-waste items. These recycling companies are doing all they can to build a responsible image and get people to recycle their e-waste. They even go door-to-door collecting the e-waste. Best EPR practices Europe leads the list when it comes to having the best EPR practices. The EPR systems implemented in European countries like Austria, Switzerland, Germany, Scandinavia, and Netherlands are quite effective but they too have their own set of challenges. They differ from India in implementing their rules better. The guidelines laid down are actually being made to follow. India can do a lot better if the proper implementation of EPR guidelines is ensured. Salient features of the updated EPR guidelines according to the OECD’s (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) website: Focus on target based approach More flexibility for implementation of EPR Pan India EPR Authorization of Producers Additional Options- PRO, e-waste exchange, Deposit Refund scheme Collection- Producer’s responsibility, collection mechanism approach and no separate authorization E-retailers now Producers CFL and other mercury containing lamp brought under the purview of rules. Extended to manufacturers, dealers and refurbishers Exemption – only for micro enterprises Bulk Consumer- need to file annual returns now. Only one permission- Authorization for all stakeholders including dismantlers and recyclers. Inter-state transportation- strengthen the mechanism Liability clause- penalty for violation of the rules State Govt Responsibility- allot space, skill development, health and safety of workers
Measures Being Taken by Namo E-Waste to Keep COVID-19 at Bay
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